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Tags: climate change; climate variability; adaptation; ecosystem-based approaches; ecosystem services; ecosystem management; vulnerability
Ecosystem-based approaches for adaptation (EbA) integrate biodiversity and ecosystem services into a comprehensive strategy to assist communities in adapting to climate change. Until now, our understanding of these approaches has primarily relied on individual anecdotal case studies. There has been limited systematic effort to gather and analyze this evidence. This study therefore provides a comprehensive review of peer-reviewed and grey literature concerning Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA) with the aim of systematically summarizing the current state of evidence regarding the effectiveness of EbA strategies in Kenya. This systematic mapping of the peer-reviewed and grey literature on EbA-relevant interventions has produced a wealth of evidence regarding the use of ecosystem services and biodiversity for human adaptation to climate change, variability, extremes, and natural hazards with multiple social, economic, and environmental co-benefits. The review also revealed the implementation barriers and opportunities that would serve as lessons in scaling up these interventions at the local level.